Joint Center for Poverty Research
Working Papers

Labor Market and Employment

Ability, Educational Ranks, and Labor Market Trends: The Effects of Shifts in the Skill Composition of Educational Groups
Author: Dan T. Rosenbaum

Adolescents' School Enrollment and Employment:Effect of State Welfare Policies
Author: Lingxin Hao, Andrew Cherlin, Nan M. Astone

Aiding Welfare-to-work Transitions: Lessons from JTPA on the Cost-effectiveness of Education and Training Services
Author: Carolyn J. Heinrich

An Assessment of Relationship Between Growth and Inequality Using Micro Data from Thailand
Author: Hyeok Jeong

Are There Returns to the Wages of Young Men from Working While in School?
Author: V. Joseph Hotz, Lixin Xu, Marta Tienda, Avner Ahituv

Barriers to the Employment of Welfare Recipients
Author: Richard M. Tolman, Sandra K. Danziger, Mary Corcoran, Sheldon Danziger, Colleen M. Heflin, Ariel Kalil, Judith Levine, Daniel Rosen, Kristin S. Seefeldt, Kristine Siefert

Can Boosting Minority Car-Ownership Rates Narrow Inter-Racial Employment Gaps
Author: Steven Raphael, Michael A. Stoll

Changing Caseloads: Macro Influences and Micro Composition
Author: Robert A. Moffitt, David Stevens

Child Care and Mothers' Employment Decisions
Author: Patricia M. Anderson, Phillip Levine

Child Support Enforcement: Incentives and Well-Being
Author: Irwin Garfinkel, Theresa Heintze, Chien-Chung Huang

Defined Contribution Pensions: Plan Rules, Participant Decisions, and the Path of Least Resistance
Author: James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian, Andrew Metrick

Did Welfare Leavers' Employment Levels and Job Characteristics Change During TANF Implementation: An analysis using SIPP 1996-2000
Author: Claudia J. Coulton, Younghee Lim, Thomas Cook, Nina Lalich

Disability and Employment: Reevaluating the Evidence in Light of Reporting Errors
Author: Brent Kreider, John V. Pepper

Disadvantage Among Families Remaining on Welfare
Author: Robert A. Moffitt, Andrew Cherlin

Displacement and Wage Effects of Welfare Reform
Author: Timothy J. Bartik

Unavailable

Contact author bartik@we.upjohninst.org

Do Minimum Wage Increases Lower the Probability that Low-Skilled Workers Will Receive Fringe Benefits?
Author: Anne Royalty

Does it Pay to Move from Welfare to Work?
Author: Sheldon Danziger, Colleen M. Heflin, Mary Corcoran, Elizabeth Oltmans

Does the Minimum Wage Affect Welfare Caseloads?
Author: Jane Millar, Marianne E. Page, Joanne Spetz

Does Welfare Participation Affect Women's Wages?
Author: Mary C. Noonan, Colleen M. Heflin

Domestic Violence and Economic Well-Being Of Current and Former Welfare Recipients
Author: Richard M. Tolman, Sandra K. Danziger, Daniel Rosen

Drug Dealing and Legitimate Self-Employment
Author: Robert W. Fairlie

Earnings Growth among Young Less-Educated Business Owners
Author: Robert W. Fairlie

Earnings Losses of Displaced Workers in the 1990s
Author: Robert F. Schoeni, Michael Dardia

Effects of Higher Minimum Wages on Teen Employment and School Enrollment
Author: Mark D. Turner, Berna Demiralp

Employee-Based versus Employer-Based Subsidies to Low-Wage Workers: A Public Finance Perspective
Author: Stacy Dickert-Conlin, Douglas Holtz-Eakin

Employer Demand for Welfare Recipients By Race
Author: Harry J. Holzer, Michael A. Stoll

Examining the Effect of Industry Trends and Structure on Welfare Caseloads
Author: Timothy J. Bartik, Randall W. Eberts

Unavailable

Contact author bartik@we.upjohninst.org

For Better or For Worse: Default Effects and 401(k) Savings Behavior
Author: James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian, Andrew Metrick

Gender Inequality in Poverty in Affluent Nations: The Role of Single Motherhood and the State.
Author: Karen Christopher, Paula England, Sara McLanahan, Katherin Ross Phillips, Timothy M. Smeeding

Unavailable

Contact author pengland@stanford.edu

Geographic Differences in AFDC and Food Stamp Caseloads in the Welfare Reform Era
Author: James P. Ziliak, David N. Figlio

Health Insurance and Less Skilled Workers
Author: Janet Currie, Aaron S. Yelowitz

Health Insurance, Labor Supply, and Job Mobility: A Critical Review of the Literature
Author: Jonathan Gruber, Brigitte C. Madrian

Health, Health Insurance and the Labor Market
Author: Janet Currie, Brigitte C. Madrian

Unavailable

Contact author currie@simba.sscnet.ucla.edu

How Different ARE Welfare and Working Families? And Do Those Differences Matter for Children's Achievement?
Author: Greg Duncan, Rachel Dunifon, Morgan Ward Doran, W. Jean Yeung

Income and Job Market Outcomes After Welfare: 1990-1995
Author: Philip M. Gleason, Thomas P. Vartanian

Income Mobility and Exits from Poverty of American Children, 1970-1992
Author: Peter T. Gottschalk, Sheldon Danziger

Informal Family Insurance and the Design of the Welfare State
Author: Rafael Di Tella, Robert MacCulloch

Is a Family-focused Program More Effective in Helping Low-Income Parents Enter the Workforce? Insights from a Multimethod Evaluation of the Jobs for Youth/Full Family Partnership Demonstration
Author: Carolyn J. Heinrich

Is the Proportion of College Workers in "Non-College" Jobs Increasing?
Author: Peter T. Gottschalk, Michael Hansen

Job Change and Job Stability Among Less-Skilled Young Workers
Author: Harry J. Holzer, Robert J. LaLonde

Job Instability and Earnings and Income Consequences: Evidence from SIPP: 1983-1995
Author: John M. Fitzgerald

Job Performance and Retention Among Welfare Recipients
Author: Michael A. Stoll, Douglas Wissoker, Harry J. Holzer

Location and the Low Income Experience: Analyses of Program Dynamics in the Iowa Family Investment Program
Author: Helen H. Jensen, Steven Garasky

Making Single Mothers Work: Recent Tax and Welfare Policy and its Effects
Author: Bruce D. Meyer, Dan T. Rosenbaum

Male-Female Differences in the Low-Wage Labor Market
Author: Jane Waldfogel, Susan E. Mayer

Managing work and child care responsibilities in the retail sector: Informal relationships and their limits
Author: Julia R. Henly

Marital Status and Full-time/Part-time Work Status in Child Care Choices: Changing the Rules of the Game
Author: Rachel Connelly, Jean Kimmel

Maternal Employment and Overweight Children
Author: Patricia M. Anderson, Kristin Butcher, Phillip Levine

Maternal Employment, Family Processes, and Early Childhood Adjustment for Children Living in Poverty
Author: Rashmita S. Mistry

Maternal work behavior under welfare reform: How does the transition from welfare to work affect child development?
Author: Rachel Dunifon, Ariel Kalil, Sandra K. Danziger

Measuring Program Impacts On Earnings and Employment
Author: Robert Kornfeld, Howard S. Bloom

Moving Hard-To-Employ Recipients into the Workforce
Author: U.S. General Accounting Office

On the Evaluation of Economic Mobility
Author: Peter T. Gottschalk, Enrico Spolaore

Outsourcing at Will: Unjust Dismissal Doctrine and the Growth of Temporary Help Employment
Author: David H. Autor

Parental Job Loss and Early Adolescent Adjustment in Black and White Families
Author: Ariel Kalil, Thomas DeLeire

Perceived Criminality, Criminal Background Checks and the Racial Hiring Practices of Employers
Author: Harry J. Holzer, Steven Raphael, Michael A. Stoll

Policies to Foster Human Capital
Author: James J. Heckman

Prospects for 'Job Matching' in the Welfare-to-Work Transition: Labor Market Capacity for Sustaining the Absorption of Mississippi's TANF Recipients
Author: Frank Howell

Providing Mental Health Services to TANF Recipients: Program Design Choices and Implementation Challenges in Four States
Author: Michelle K. Derr, Sarah Douglas, LaDonna Pavetti

Public Housing and Labor Supply
Author: Janet Currie, Aaron S. Yelowitz

Public Service Employment and Mandatory Work: A Policy Whose Time Has Come and Gone and Come Again?
Author: David T. Ellwood, Elisabeth D. Welty

Returns to Tenure and Experience Revisited -- Do Less Educated Workers Gain Less from Work Experience?
Author: Helen Connolly, Peter T. Gottschalk

Rising Above Poverty: The Consequences of Poverty Status and Individual Characteristics on Earnings
Author: C. Andre Mizell

Risk Sharing and Industrial Specialization: Regional and International Evidence
Author: Sebnem Kalemli-Ozcan, Bent E. Sorensen, Oved Yosha

Rural America in Transition: Poverty and Welfare at the Turn of the 21st Century
Author: Leif Jensen, Dan Lichter

Several Suggestions for Improving the Work-Based Safety Net and Reducing Child Poverty
Author: Wendell Primus, Kristina Daugirdas

Small Towns and Welfare Reform: Iowa Case Studies and Families and Communities
Author: Cynthia Needles Fletcher, Jan L. Flora, Barbara J. Gaddis, Mary Winter, Jacquelyn S. Litt

Social Security Expectations and Retirement Savings Decisions
Author: Jeff Dominitz, Charles F. Manski, Jordan Heinz

Substance Use Among Welfare Recipients: Trends and Policy Responses
Author: Rukmalie Jayakody, Kristin S. Seefeldt, Harold Pollack, Sheldon Danziger

Taxes and Unmarried Fathers' Participation in the Underground Economy
Author: Lauren M. Rich, Sun-Bin Kim

Teen Motherhood, Labor Market Involvement and the Receipt of Public Assistance
Author: Phillip Levine, Diane M. Whitmore

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Food Stamp Program and Labor Force Participation: Decisions of Poor Households
Author: Sonya Huffman, Helen H. Jensen

The Earned Income Tax Credit and Labor Market Participation of Families on Welfare
Author: V. Joseph Hotz, Charles H. Mullin, John Karl Scholz

The Effect of Pre-PRWORA Waivers on AFDC Caseloads and Female Earnings, Income, and Labor Force Behavior
Author: Robert A. Moffitt

The Effect of Welfare Reform on the Incomes and Earnings of Low-Income Families: Evidence from the Current Population Survey
Author: Laura Stander Connolly

The Effects of After-tax Wages, Transfer Payments, and Child Care Expenses on Labor Market and Transfer Program Participation
Author: Scott Houser, Stacy Dickert-Conlin

The Effects of Children with Disabilities on Mothers' Exits from Welfare
Author: Peter Brandon, Dennis P. Hogan

The Effects of Higher Minimum Wages on Welfare Recipiency
Author: Mark D. Turner

The Effects of Higher Minimum Wages on Welfare Recipiency: Another Look
Author: Mark D. Turner, Alena Bicakova

The Employment, Earnings, and Income of Less Skilled Workers Over the Business Cycle
Author: Hilary Williamson Hoynes

The Impact of Disabilities on Mothers' Work Participation: Examining Differences between Single and Married Mothers
Author: Sunhwa Lee, Gi-Taik Oh, Heidi Hartmann, Barbara Gault

The Impact of the Earned Income Tax Credit and Social Policy Reforms on Work, Marriage, and Living Arrangements
Author: David T. Ellwood

The Impact of Welfare Reform Across Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Areas: A Nonparametric Analysis
Author: Jeffrey R. Alwang, Gautam Hazarika, Bradford Mills

The Long-Term Costs of Job Displacement Among Young Workers
Author: Lori G. Kletzer, Robert W. Fairlie

The Relationship between Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Locations, Changing Welfare Policies, and the Employment of Single Mothers
Author: Signe-Mary McKernan, Robert I. Lerman, Nancy Pindus, Jesse Valente

The Relationship between Wage Growth and Wage Levels
Author: Tricia Lynn Gladden, Christopher R. Taber

The Rise in Disability Recipiency and the Decline in Unemployment
Author: David H. Autor, Mark G. Duggan

The Role of the Family in Determining Youth Employment
Author: Sabrina Wulff Pabilonia

The Social Outcomes of Street Gang Involvement
Author: Sudhir Alladi Venkatesh

Time Limits
Author: Robert A. Moffitt, LaDonna Pavetti

Time Limits and Welfare Reform: New Estimates of the Number and Characteristics of Affected Families
Author: Greg Duncan, Kathleen Mullan Harris, Johanne Boisjoly

Transiting from Welfare to Work: No Bus, No Car, No Way
Author: Cynthia Needles Fletcher, Steven Garasky, Helen H. Jensen

Trends in Employment Outcomes of Young Black Men, 1979-2000
Author: Harry J. Holzer, Paul Offner

Tyesha's Dilemmas: Anthropological Ruminations on the Consequences of Welfare Reform
Author: Katherine S. Newman

Understanding the Employment Experiences and Migration Patterns of Rural Youth and Young Adults
Author: Steven Garasky

Using the EITC to Increase Family Earnings: New Evidence and a Comparison with the Minimum Wage.
Author: David Neumark, William Wascher

Wage Progression Among Less Skilled Workers
Author: Tricia Lynn Gladden, Christopher R. Taber

Welfare Reform, Earnings, and Income: New Evidence from the Survey of Program Dynamics
Author: Laura Stander Connolly, Christine Enerson Marston

Welfare Reform, the Business Cycle, and the Decline in AFDC Caseloads
Author: David N. Figlio, James P. Ziliak

Unavailable

Contact author figlio@northwestern.edu

Welfare to Temporary Work: Implications for Labor Market Outcomes
Author: Carolyn J. Heinrich, Peter Mueser, Kenneth R. Troske

Welfare, Poverty, and Financial Strain In Urban African American Families with Adolescent Daughters
Author: Rebekah Levine Coley, P. Lindsay Chase-Lansdale

Welfare, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and the Labor Supply of Single Mothers
Author: Bruce D. Meyer, Dan T. Rosenbaum

Welfare-to-Work Policy: Employer Hiring and Retention of Former Welfare Recipients
Author: Julia Lane, David Stevens

What Will the States Do When Jobs Are Not Plentiful? Policy and Implementation Challenges
Author: LaDonna Pavetti

Unavailable

When Financial Incentives Pay for Themselves: Early Findings from the Self-Sufficiency Project's Applicant Study
Author: Charles Michalopoulos, Philip K. Robins, David Card

When Gender Trumps Money: Bargaining and Time in Household Work
Author: Paula England, Nancy Folbre, George Matheson, Michael Bittman

Unavailable

Contact author pengland@stanford.edu

Whose Job Is It? Employers' Views on Welfare Reform
Author: June Heineman, Greg Owen, Ellen Shelton, Justine Nelson-Christinedaughter, Corinna Roy, Amy Bush Stevens

Why Are Black Employers More Likely to Hire African Americans than White Employers?
Author: Steven Raphael, Michael A. Stoll, Harry J. Holzer

Why Work Disappears: Neighborhood Racial Composition and Employers' Relocation Intentions
Author: John Iceland, David R. Harris

Will Employers Hire Ex-Offenders? Employer Preferences, Background Checks, and Their Determinants
Author: Harry J. Holzer, Michael A. Stoll, Steven Raphael

Work and Family Circumstances and Child Trajectories: When (and For What) Does AFDC Receipt Matter?
Author: Elizabeth Menaghan, Susan Jekielek, Frank Mott, Elizabeth Cooksey

Work, Income and Material Hardship After Welfare Reform
Author: Sandra K. Danziger, Mary Corcoran, Sheldon Danziger, Colleen M. Heflin

Work-Based Strategies for Hard-to-Employ TANF Recipients: A Preliminary Assessment of Program Models and Dimensions
Author: Debra A. Strong, LaDonna Pavetti